The Buffalo Nickel, minted from 1913 to 1938, is one of the most iconic coins in American history. Featuring a Native American profile on the obverse and a buffalo on the reverse, it represents a unique era in U.S. coinage. While many Buffalo Nickels are common and worth only a few dollars, certain rare dates, mint marks, and error varieties can be worth thousands. In 2026, collector demand for these coins remains strong, making them a fascinating area of study for both beginners and seasoned numismatists.
History of the Buffalo Nickel
The Buffalo Nickel was designed by James Earle Fraser and introduced in 1913. It was intended to celebrate America’s heritage, with imagery that reflected both Native American culture and the western frontier. The coin was struck at three mints: Philadelphia (no mint mark), Denver (D), and San Francisco (S). Over the years, design changes and minting challenges created varieties that are now highly prized by collectors.
Why Buffalo Nickels Are Valuable
Several factors contribute to the value of Buffalo Nickels:
- Low mintage numbers in certain years
- Rare minting errors and overdates
- Condition and grade, with uncirculated examples commanding premiums
- Collector demand for iconic designs and historical significance
Key Rare Buffalo Nickels
1913 Type 1
The first design featured the buffalo standing on a raised mound. This type was quickly replaced, making it a collectible variety. Values range from $20 to $500 depending on grade.
1913‑S Type 2
One of the lowest mintage Buffalo Nickels, worth $200 to $5,000 depending on condition.
1918/7‑D Overdate
A famous error where the date shows remnants of a “7” under the “8.” Values range from $1,000 to $20,000.
1921‑S
With a low mintage of just over one million, this coin is scarce and valued at $100 to $5,000.
1937‑D Three‑Legged Buffalo
A minting error resulted in the buffalo missing one leg. This variety is highly collectible, with values ranging from $500 to $15,000.
1935 Doubled Die Reverse
This error variety shows doubling in the lettering on the reverse. Values range from $100 to $3,000 depending on grade.
Value Ranges by Decade
1913–1919
Early issues are highly collectible, especially the 1913 Type 1 and 1918/7‑D overdate.
1920–1929
Scarce dates like the 1921‑S dominate this decade, with values reaching thousands.
1930–1938
The 1937‑D three‑legged buffalo is the standout rarity, while other issues remain affordable for collectors.
How to Identify Valuable Buffalo Nickels
Collectors should look closely at:
- Mint marks, especially “S” and “D” issues
- Doubling in the date and lettering
- Missing details such as the buffalo’s leg
- Strike quality and overall condition
Collecting Tips
- Use magnification to examine coins for errors and varieties.
- Store coins in protective holders to preserve condition.
- Consider professional grading for rare or high‑grade coins.
- Research auction records to stay updated on current market values.
- Focus on key dates and error varieties for the best investment potential.
Key Highlights
- Buffalo Nickels were minted from 1913 to 1938.
- Famous rarities include the 1913‑S Type 2, 1918/7‑D overdate, 1921‑S, and 1937‑D three‑legged buffalo.
- Values range from a few dollars to tens of thousands depending on rarity and condition.
- Collectors should carefully examine mint marks, dates, and error varieties.
- Proper storage and grading can preserve and increase value.
Final Words
The Buffalo Nickel remains one of the most beloved coins in American numismatics. From the rare 1918/7‑D overdate to the legendary 1937‑D three‑legged buffalo, these coins hold hidden fortunes for collectors. In 2026, demand for Buffalo Nickels continues to grow, making them both a historical treasure and a valuable investment. Whether found in old collections or passed down through generations, Buffalo Nickels are truly a collector’s dream.
